Installing FHEM on the Raspberry Pi
Login and Password
The FHEM web interface can be divided into three areas. To the left below the FHEM logo, a sidebar shows the most important functions (Figure 5), including functions to save configuration settings, open logfiles, and monitor events. The white box at top center is for commands that are sent to FHEM. You will be using this command line often. Immediately below, FHEM displays current tasks that might be of interest, as well as all interface dialogs.
After installation, the web interface reports that you should secure the service with access data (Figure 6). This message can be ignored for the time being, because the router does not typically forward data from the Internet to the FHEM Rasp Pi. This message can be turned off by entering
attr global motd none
in the FHEM command line. Alternatively, you can set secure passwords right away by entering
attr WEB editConfig 1
in the FHEM command line. Once this editing option is activated, you can edit the FHEM configuration files directly from the web interface by clicking Edit files in the sidebar, then open the FHEM configuration file by typing fhem.cfg
in the next dialog.
You do not enter a password in plain text. Instead, it is encoded as a username:password Base64 pair. To get a private key, either log on to the Rasp Pi or another available computer via SSH and execute the command:
$ echo -n <username>:<password> | base64 cmFzcGk6Z2VoZWlt
You can also generate the Base64 access data online [6]. In either case, you then transfer the result as
attr WEB basicAuth <key> attr WEBphone basicAuth <key> attr WEBtablet basicAuth <key>
to the FHEM configuration (Listing 1). The lines under each server configuration also need to be entered and the file saved by clicking on Save fhem.cfg in the FHEM interface (see Figure 5).
Listing 1
Setting a Secure Password
§§nonnumber define WEB FHEMWEB 8083 global attr WEB basicAuth cmFzcGk6Z2VoZWlt define WEBphone FHEMWEB 8084 global attr WEBphone stylesheetPrefix smallscreen attr WEBphone basicAuth cmFzcGk6Z2VoZWlt define WEBtablet FHEMWEB 8085 global attr WEBtablet stylesheetPrefix touchpad attr WEBtablet basicAuth cmFzcGk6Z2VoZWlt
To activate password protection, you should restart the FHEM service once with shutdown restart
on the command line. From then on, getting to the FHEM web interface in the browser with the F5 shortcut key requires you to authenticate user identity with the access data you entered.
Control from the SSH Terminal
Generally, you do not really need to configure FHEM in the web interface because it writes all settings to the fhem.cfg
file in the /opt/fhem
installation directory. You can edit these directly in the SSH console with the text editor of your choice with a command like:
$ sudo nano /opt/fhem/fhem.cfg
To save the changes, press Ctrl+O and confirm the file name by pressing Enter. Get out of the nano editor by pressing Ctrl+X to return to the command prompt. Once the changes are complete, you should query the status and restart FHEM (Listing 2).
Listing 2
Restarting FHEM
§§nonnumber ignored KT: @KT:Listing 2: Restarting FHEM
$ sudo service fhem status + fhem.service - LSB: FHEM server Loaded: loaded (/etc/init.d/fhem) Active: active (running) since Thu 2016-03-31 15:25:06 CEST; 15s ago Process: 9314 ExecStop=/etc/init.d/fhem stop (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Process: 9325 ExecStart=/etc/init.d/fhem start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) CGroup: /system.slice/fhem.service |-9333 perl fhem.pl fhem.cfg Mar 31 15:25:05 raspberrypi fhem[9325]: Starting fhem... Mar 31 15:25:06 raspberrypi systemd[1]: Started LSB: FHEM server. $ sudo service fhem stop $ sudo service fhem start $ sudo service fhem restart
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