Access Granted!
The shell comes with some simple commands for managing access to files and directories.
Managing access permissions with chmod, chgrp, chown, and umask
Lead Image © erwin Wirapratama, 123RF.com
Granular access privileges for files and directories make Linux a safe operating system. A precise definition of who is permitted to read, modify, or execute data provides excellent protection against prying eyes and intentional misconfiguration. The root user is subject to no restrictions, and this includes assigning read, write, and execute permissions to other users throughout the system.
If you are the owner of a file or directory, you can grant access to these resources to other accounts. If you are also a member of a specific group, you can modify the group ownership of files and folders for more granular permission assignments to files.
Rights and Obligations
For every file (and thus for directories, device files, etc.), Linux defines who may read, write, and execute that file. Also, every file belongs to an owner and to a group. The following three permissions are assigned separately for owners, groups, and other users:
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